US1252374A - Drilling-machine. - Google Patents

Description

G. H. GILMAN.

'DRILLING MACHINE.

Patented Jan.1,1918.`

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E@ @interesser @Wm GEORGE H. GILMAN, 0F CLAREMONT, NEW HAMPSHIRE, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGN' MENTS, TO SULLIVAN' MACHINERY COMPANY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, A

CORPORATION 0F MASSACHUSETTS;

DRILLING-MACHINE.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, GEORGE H. GILMAN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Claremont, county of Sullivan, State of New Hampshire, (whose post-oice address is Claremont, New Hampshire,) have invented an Improvement inl Drilling-Machines, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like characters on the drawings representing like parts.

My invention relates to apparatus for drilling deep holes, being more particularly, though not necessarily exclusively, concerned with quarrying or mining drills of that type in which the drill tool with its drill-bit is sunk bodily into the hole as it is being drilled. My invention will be best Aunderstood by reference to the following specication, when taken in connection with the accompanying illustration of one specific.

embodiment thereof, while its scope will be more particularly pointed out inthe appended claims.

Referring to the drawings Figure 1 is an elevation of'a specific drilling apparatus embodying my invention, with the pressure Huid conduit partly broken away, and showing the drill sunk partly into a drilled hole in the stone or other material, the latter being shown in section;

Fig. 2 is an elevation of the drilling apparatus partly broken away, as viewed from the right-hand side of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a plan section on an enlarged scale on line 3-3 of Fig. 1, illustrating the rotating mechanism ,and its drivin motor;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view partly 1n elevation on an enlarged scale on line 4 4 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a detail sectional view on line 5-5 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a detail sectional view on line 6-6 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 7 is a detail sectional view on line 7-7 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 8 is an enlarged detail elevation partly in central vertical section of the upper portion of the pressure-fluid conduit illustrating a swivel joint; and

Fig. 9 is a sectional view, partly in elevation, upon an enlarged scale on line 9-9 of Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings, and to the enl- Specication of Letters Patent.

Application led July 5, 1912. Serial No. 707,714.

Patented aan. i, iets.

bodiment of my inventionwhich I have there disclosed for illustrative purposes, I have there shown a drilling apparatus having a suitable drill tool l0, which may be of the impact-hammer type, provided with a drillbit 11, provided with an axial hole 11c to conduct exhaust pressure fluid to the cutting edge to expel the cuttings. The drill bit may be non-rotatably held in any suitable manner in a casing 12 of the drill tool, as by making the shank non-circular in cross section, as is usual in tools of this class. rIhe drill tool may be electrically or mechanically driven, but herein is of the pressure Huid type, and is provided with a piston hammer 13, adapted to strike the upper end of the drill-bit 11 in a usual and well-known manner, the piston being reciprocated under the intiuence of a suitable pressure fluid, as for example compressed air, admitted to the tool through a suitable pressure-fluid conduit 14, the latter preferably having an axial or central attachment to the upper end of the tool. The tool casing 12 may be provided with one or more exhaust passages 12 to conduct a part of the exhaust pressure fluid rearwardly to the keyways 20, which in turn conduct said fluid rearwardly past the kevs 19 and outwardly and rearwardly into the drill hole. The air thus released into the hole, together with the air released through the hollow drill-bit to the cutting edge, serves to expel the dust and cuttings. The casing 12 of the drill may be made Small enough in diameter to permit the escape of the cuttings, and if desired may be provided with longitudinal grooves 121 to prevent the formation of mud rings around the casing and to facilitate the escape of the cuttings. The detailed construction of the tool is of no particular consequence as bearing upon the broad principles of my invention, the construction of the tool shown, however, beingl similar in its general character to that shown in my prior United States Patent No. 853,921, dated May lll, 1907.

The pressllre-iiuid conduit 14 may be secured to the drill tool in any suitable manner, but I have herein shown for this purpose connecting devices which aiford a means for quickly and conveniently, yet securely, attaching the conduit to the tool in such a manner that they shall not become disconnected by the vibration to which the parts are subjected, while at the same time permitting the apparatus to be readily dismounted at will. To this end, I have provided a tubular-plug 15, constituting a concasin`g`12, and is mounted to slide on the plug 15 into and out of inter-engagement' with the tool casing, but is held against rotation on' saidplug by one or more keys, or feathers, 19, freely movable in keyways 20 provided in the plug. Suitable means are providedfor normally holding the collar 16 'in inter-engagement with the tool casing 12,

herein a spring 21 bearing at one end lagainst said collar, and at its other end against a Ashoulder22 'provided .in the plug 15. By

this means, the tool casing 12 is normally locked against rotation with respect to the plug 15, and is thus prevented from unscrewing from the latter, and yet may be readily unscrewed at will by simply raising the collar 16 against the tension of the spring 21, to withdraw the teeth 17 out of engagement with the recesses 18.

The plug 15 may be secured 'to the con-I duit 14 in any suitable manner, but I have hereinshown these parts threaded together,

the plug being provided with a reduced eX-.

ternally threaded portion 23, threaded into the interior of the conduit 14. As a means for locking-the conduit and plug against accidental unscrewing, I may provide the lower terminal portion of the conduit with a seriesvof teeth 24, andthe upper terminal ortion of the lug with a series of' teeth 25, iierein in the fldrm of ratchet teeth, one set inclined 4in 'the opposite direction to the other, and having suitable engaging means to lock them against relative rotation. This locking means `may consist of 'a collar or sleeve 26, embracing the terminal ortions of the conduit and plug, and provi ed with suitable means engaging the two sets of teeth, herein oppos1tely acting yielding spring pawls, or the like, 27 and 28, here1n formed integral with the sleeve 26. These may be conveniently formed by slotting the sleeve or collar 26, as shown in Fig. 1, thus forming' tongues, which may be bent inwardly as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, suitably described, and is similarly secured to a nipple 30. The conduit may receive its supply of pressure fluid from a suitable supply con duit 31, herein a usual form of flexible conduit or hose, having swiveled connection with the conduit 14 so as to permit the latter `to be.rotated during the operation of the, tool while allowing the supply conduit 31 to remain relatively, fixed. This swiveled connection may be of any suitable construction, but herein there is connected to the flexible conduit 31 a tubular ,swivel member 32 provided with an outwardly extending lateral annular flange 35, abutting against the end of the nipple 30, and held in engagement therewith by suitable means, herein a collar34 provided\with an inwardly 4eX- tending annular flange 33 encircling the swivel member 32. Interposed between the flanges 33 and 35 is a suitable packing 36 to prevent leakage of the pressure fluid. The collar -34 may be secured to the nipple 30 in any suitable manner, as by providing the collar with an internal thread threaded onto a correspondin thread formed externally upon the nipp e. By this means, the collar may be adjusted to compress the packing 36 and insure anon-leaking though freely swiveling connection between the tofthe tool, but'also as a shank by means of which the tool may be manipulated and held against lateral movement and rotated, while at the same time permitting the tool and shank to be fed by gravitytoward the work. As a means for vertically guiding the shank or conduit 14, `and imparting a rotary movement thereto, I may provide a rotating mechanism and `suitable motive power means for operating'the same, which will presently be described. Herein the rotating mechanism and its motor is mounted upon a tripod 39, which may be of any usual construction, having legs 40 and 4141. This tripod carries at its upper portion a swiveled head or shell 42, constituting a support for the rotating mechanism and its driving motor. l

Referring now to the rotatin mechanism and its motor, the rotating mechanism preferably comprises a roller or other similar clutch, comprising a series of rollers or balls 43, envaging the periphery of the conduit 14, and mounted in a suitable cage 44 encircling` the conduit. The cage 44 receives an intermittent rotary motion from a ring 45 swiveled in the head 42 and provided with suitable inclined depressions 46 to receive the balls or rollers 43, and serving to wedge the latter into driving engagement Iwith the conduit, when the ring is rotated in one direction, while ermitting the rollers or balls to be freed rom such driving engagement, upon a artial rotation of the ring in the opposite direction. Thus if the ring 45 be rotated contra-clockwise (Fig. 3), the balls or rollers 43 will be crowded into engagement with the conduit 14 so as to rotate the latter, While upon a return movement of the ring, the cage 44 with its rollers or balls 43 is rotated clockwise by suitable means, herein a spring 47 bearing at one end against a pin 48 engaging a @tooth 49 on the cage, and located in a recess 50 provided in the ring 45, there being provided a suitable screw-threaded plug 51 to permit the introduction and adjustment of the spring. This spring serves to urge the balls or rollers 43 constantly toward one yend of their respective recesses 46, thus preventing them from becoming wedged in the other ends of their respective recesses. By this means, the roller clutch mechanism just described is capable of guiding the conduit 14 and at the same time imparting a step-by-step rotative movement thereto, while permitting the tool to sink into the drilled hole.

The ring 45 may receive an oscillatory mo-4 tion from a suitable motor, herein a pressure-fluid motor comprising a cylinder 52 and piston 53, the latter being suitably connected to the ring 45 to drive the same, and herein being provided for that purpose with a depression 54 which receives a gear tooth 55,. formed on the ring. The motor may be of any suitable type, but herein is in the form of a simple valveless motor having a constant pressure-space 56 receiving a supply of pressure-Huid from a conduit 57. The constant pressure in the space 56 acts against a reduced portion 5S on one end of the piston 53, and hence tends to constantly urge the latter toward the left (F ig. 3). The opposite end of the cylinder 52 is provided with one or more ports 59 directly communieating with the atmosphere. Hence the piston 53 will be moved toward the left under the influence of the pressure-fluid on the small area of its reduced portion 58 until the latter passes beyond a port 60, whereupon communication is established between the port 60 and the constant pressure-space 56,

'and the pressure-Huid is conducted through the port 60 and through a passage 61 and port 62 to the left-hand end of the cylinder. Now, since the area of the left-hand end of the piston 53 is greater than that of the reduced portion 58, the pressure acting against the latter will be over-balanced and the piston will return to its initial position, whereupon the reduced portion 58 will cut olin communication between the pressure supply space 56 and the port 60, and the pressurefluid at the left-hand end of the piston. will exhaust to the atmosphere through the ports 59. There may be provided a suitable vent 63 leading from the annular space about the reduced portion 58 to the atmosphere to permit the free entrance and eXit of atmospheric air at this point and prevent the formation of a cushion. lf desired, the cylinder ends may be providedy with plugs 64 and G5, having cushioning springs 66 and 67 respectively, operating in a well-known manner to cushion the piston at each end of its stroke. The conduits 3l and 57 may be connected to receive their supply of pressure-fluid from a main supply conduit 68. and the supply of pressure-fluid to the tool and to the toolrotatingmotor may be controlled by suit- 'a fresh place with each stroke, and at the same time the tool is permitted to be fed bodily by the action of gravity into the drilled hole to any desired depth within the range of the shank or conduit 14, and the latter will be properly guided and held against lateral movement during its rotation.

It will also be evident that the tool will continuato receive its proper supply of pressure-fluid through the use of the svviveled connection, without interfering in any way with its rotation.

My invention is not limited to the employment of any particular forni of motive power, nor is the same limited to the employment alone of an impact drill member, as distinct from a reciprocatory drill. Where a reciprocatory drill is employed, however, preferably some means should be employed apart Jfrom the mere resting ef the cutter on the bottom of the hole, for holding the tool in fixed relation' to the bottom thereof.

While l have herein shown one embodiment of my invention for illustrative purposes. and have disclosed and described in detail the construction and arrangement incidental to one specific embodiment thereof, it is to be understood. that the invention is limited neither to its specific embodiment herein shown, nor to the meredetails or relative arrangement of parts. but that extensive deviations from the illustrated forni er embodiment of the invention may be made without departing from 'the principles thereof.

Having Athus described one embodiment o my invention. what i claim. and desire b Letters Patent to obtain is:--

l. Drilling apparatus bination a lait; a t motor; a cylindrical .vardly from said motor;

cussive motor and said shank being connected for rotation as a unit; and frictional means directly engaging said, cylindrical shank and adapted to permit longitudinal feeding movement of said shank relative to said frietional means While imparting intermittent rotary movement to said shank.

2. Drilling apparatus comprising in combination a bit; a burrowing percussive motor; a cylindrical shank extending rearwardly from said motor; said bit, said percussive motor' and said shank being con-.-

ne ted for rotation as a unit; and Clutch means directly engaging said cylindrical shank and adapted to permit longitudinal 15 feeding movement of said shank relative to' said clutch means While imparting rotaryl movement to said shank.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of 20 two subscribing Witnesses.

GEORGE H. GILMAN.

Witnesses:

E. J. BURCHARD, C. J. JONES.

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